Since professional audio engineering technology is a comprehensive technology that gathers knowledge from multiple disciplines, it has developed with the development of professional audio-related technologies. In particular, the performance and grade of audio and lighting equipment are getting higher and higher, and the importance of professional audio engineering technology is becoming stronger and stronger. Let us make an analogy: the construction of professional audio engineering is like a tailor cutting a piece of clothing, and professional audio equipment is like clothing. Fabrics, anyone can buy any kind of fabrics on the market, but a good tailor can make the most of the general fabric to make it a good dress; and the best fabrics are given to a crappy tailor, he I can't make a decent dress. The construction of professional audio engineering is just like this. The same cost, different designs, the quality of the project will be high or low; the same equipment, different facilities, the quality of the project will be high and low.
To sum up the characteristics of audio engineering: the engineering volume is not large, but the engineering technology content is high; the engineering flexibility is strong, but the responsibility is heavy. In terms of professional audio workload, technicians in the industry know that a medium-sized project, if successful, one or two hundred man-hours is enough; a slightly larger project can be completed with hundreds of man-hours, so compared with other industries For engineering, the amount of engineering is really not large. However, this small project contains a relatively high technical content, requires strict design and selection, requires qualified pre-embedded, pipe-through technology; requires reliable welding technology; requires scientific debugging and testing methods, etc., It is also a fact that the flexibility of the project is strong. The sound engineering is not too constrained by objective factors. On the contrary, users or decoration units generally have to meet the requirements of the sound engineering as much as possible, but these flexibilities also include significant responsibilities. Imagine; hundreds of thousands of millions of projects are handed over to you for construction. If you fail to meet the requirements or the quality of the project is poor, or even leave hidden dangers in the project, then you have to bear the responsibility.
2. Engineering requirements
As a professional audio project with high technical content and greater responsibility, it has special requirements in construction technology. First, we must have a qualified construction team. The construction of Guowei Audio Engineering must be efficient and reliable. If there is no qualified construction team, not only the design scheme can not be effectively implemented, and the construction quality is difficult to be guaranteed. In this team, there should be: with relevant technical licenses Certified electricians, welders and electronic technicians, etc. At the same time, try to be some people with experience in sound engineering construction, so that the construction team can ensure the smooth completion of the project. Secondly, the construction of the project must be carried out in strict accordance with the design. Guowei sound engineering is a complex project that is greatly affected by theoretical design and construction technology. If it is done imaginatively and empirically in the construction of the project, it will definitely bring undesirable consequences, and the design is to fully understand the various After completing a series of calculations under various circumstances, it must be the basis for the construction work. Finally, the project must be constructed in accordance with the corresponding technical specifications. The construction of sound engineering will involve different types of work. The technical requirements and safety measures of these types of work are different. Only by carefully implementing these technical specifications can we ensure the quality of each construction link and the safety of the construction personnel. As for the specific The technical details and precautions of the author have been specifically described in the "Audio Technology" magazine, and will not be analyzed here. 3. The steps of the project construction (1) must first embed the pipelines and hanging parts.
The embedding of pipelines and fittings generally needs to be started immediately after the engineering project is determined, because generally speaking, the pre-embedded pipelines are mainly in the stage that has not been built, or the wall of the dolphin without decoration, if not Prompt embedding in time will easily affect the progress of the decoration project. At the same time, it must be noted that the export of the embedded pipeline must be handled in cooperation with the decoration department, otherwise it may affect the aesthetics of the decoration due to improper handling; The location and lifting strength must be confirmed by the construction technicians, otherwise the safety cannot be guaranteed. Generally, the pipelines that need to be buried in the cement structure should be selected with better quality steel pipes, and the caliber is determined according to the number of cables worn; through the ceiling 1. Pipes for decorative walls are generally made of iron or fire-retardant PVC trunking, which is mainly for the convenience of threading construction, containing a large amount of cables and being fireproof; for pipelines with a long buried distance, they must be opened at a certain distance At the inspection port, the last thing to note is that the work of the embedded pipeline can hardly be changed once it is decided where How much is buried, how to bury it, and it is not possible to change it after pre-buried, so it is necessary to carefully analyze the design before pre-buried, clarify the number, location, power supply situation and control method of the equipment, and put forward on this basis Accurate pipeline quantity, caliber and direction.
(2) Secondly, welding and installation of various sheds and frames are required.
This work should be carried out as much as possible with the decoration project, because it is inevitable to open some holes and damage the existing decoration during the construction. These need the assistance of the decoration department. During the welding process, we must allow welding qualified workers In addition to the safety requirements of the operation, the main reason for this is that the welding quality is directly related to the lifting strength of the scaffold, and it cannot be sloppy. At the same time, because the welding construction is usually carried out at the same time as the decoration works, there will be some flammable materials on site. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to fire prevention during construction. After the welding is firm, the installation of these sheds should be started. The safety of the installation is also very important. Only when there are sufficient construction technicians can the hoisting be started; in the end, all Reliable protective measures must be added to the installation parts to ensure safety for such installations.
(3) Lay all kinds of cables next.
Although this work is relatively simple, it should also be carried out carefully, especially in the case of wearing pipes, which can not tolerate a bit of sloppyness. It is necessary to master a reasonable method of laying cables. For example, when wearing pipes, the wire and the cable to be worn should be tied firmly. To reduce the resistance, apply a small amount of lubricating oil if necessary; secondly, the trouble of damage or disorder of the cable; the second is to carefully check the cable when laying the cable, such as whether the sheath is broken, whether the shielding layer is Damaged and whether the core wire is broken, etc .; finally, be sure to make obvious marks on the laying cable for the use of equipment installation and future maintenance.
(4) Various equipment should be installed later
The installation of the equipment must be done after the decoration is completed and the cables are laid correctly. The equipment of Guowei audio and lighting is not only expensive, but many equipment needs to avoid dust contamination. The messy decoration engineering site is not suitable for equipment installation. Equipment installation First of all, it should be carefully checked when unpacking, because the packaging of many foreign equipment is very standardized, and some important spare parts or instructions may be isolated on the bottom of the box, which is easy to throw away with the box when unpacking; secondly, the equipment You should read the product manual carefully before installation to master the correct installation method and steps. For example; many computer light bulbs and coated glass are required to be installed with cotton thread gloves and are not allowed to be touched by hand; the last is that the equipment must be firmly installed and the protection measures are complete, especially the lighting equipment, which is high in position, heavy and often Sports are generally above the stage or dance floor, so safety must be absolutely guaranteed.
(5) Finally, the connection of the power supply line, control line and signal line.
This is a work that requires meticulous, careful, and technical work, so it should be carried out by highly skilled and responsible personnel. When connecting the lines, the first method must be to ensure that it is carried out without electricity, because the power supply of audio and lighting equipment requires Not the same. If you provide power during installation, not only is the safety poor, but it is also easy to damage the equipment; secondly, the construction is required to comply with the electrical installation specification, because the electrical installation specification is a standard that verifies whether the method is reasonable, so whether to construct according to the specification, The quality of the project reached the deadline is completely different, many regular projects constructed in accordance with the specifications know at a glance that the work is "pretty"; in addition, various plugs are required, and various kinds of large-scale projects are required. The number of two-core, three-core, lotus connectors, XLR plugs, and multi-core plugs is not large, and it often takes several people to make a long time to complete at the same time. If you do not understand the correct connection method and welding method before welding, you can think And know how troublesome it will be to rework, so be sure to figure out, for example: some audio products in Europe The XLR pin is not the same as the general number. It must not be welded incorrectly; some light control lines require high shielding. If the welding is not reasonable, it may cause the light to malfunction. Finally, all the live wires in the line are required to be zero. The connection of the wire, the ground wire and the shielded wire must be accurate. In terms of power supply, it should be noted that the power supply used by certain devices of audio and lighting often causes misunderstandings. For example: some devices use 110V AC power, but random The transformer is plugged separately. If you forget it when connecting the line, and directly plug the power plug of the device into the 220V power supply, the consequences can be imagined; for example: some devices on the same side use low-voltage AC power. Some also use low-voltage direct current, and their plugs are very similar in shape. If you do n’t pay attention, the lighter one after powering on will cause the sound to reverse and reduce, the sound pressure will be reduced, and the quality of the sound will be poor. Leaving security risks; from the perspective of shielding, the anti-interference ability of the system network mainly depends on whether the system shielding is correct and the shielding is Failure to do so will result in damage to the equipment, and the wrong phase of the power supply line may affect the phase of the speaker. Therefore, whether it is correct and the quality of the shielding is often found in some projects: either there is no shielding or the shielding layer is formed Closed loop; either the connection of the shielded wire is not correct, the shielded network is not formed and the interference cannot be resisted. Some construction workers even confuse the signal ground and the zero, ground, shielded wire and signal wire of the power supply. Interference will also bring a lot of interference, so we must first understand these concepts.
(6) The other is to check the installation, power supply lines, and connection.
Because the entire system of audio engineering involves many connection points and plug-in parts, errors may occur due to individual reasons during installation. Therefore, detailed inspection is necessary. General inspection includes equipment installation safety and power supply lines. Whether it is reasonable, whether the connection of each plug is correct, etc. Another important inspection item is: carefully check whether the status setting of each piece of equipment meets the design requirements. This must not be forgotten, otherwise it will easily cause damage to the equipment. These states include; whether the bridge switch is set when the power amplifier is required to be bridged; whether the power selection switch of each device is appropriate; whether the lighting equipment is voice or electric control; whether the address code of the scanner is set correctly; the input mode setting of the projector, etc. .
(7) After all the above construction steps are confirmed to be completed, you should prepare to commission the equipment.
For the debugging of equipment, it is difficult to unify a common method because of the different conditions of each project. It needs to be discussed separately. If you want to fully and comprehensively introduce all types of engineering debugging processes, the space will be too large. Briefly introduce the general engineering equipment debugging.
A. Preparation before commissioning
The debugging of sound engineering is a work that requires both technology and experience as well as serious and meticulous spirit. When the design and construction meet the requirements, the debugging is unreasonable and not meticulous, not only can not achieve the design effect of the project, but also possible Make the device work in an abnormal state. Therefore, we must fully realize the importance of this work before commissioning. Before commissioning, you must carefully confirm whether each equipment is installed and connected correctly, and seriously ask the construction personnel about the related problems that may affect the use of the construction; before commissioning, you should carefully confirm whether each equipment is installed and connected correctly, and seriously ask the construction personnel Relevant problems left over from construction that may affect use; before commissioning, you must carefully read all equipment manuals and carefully read the design drawings and connection methods; before commissioning, you must be sure that there are no problems with the power supply line and power supply voltage; before commissioning, you should ensure that There are no personnel on site; corresponding instruments and tools must be prepared before commissioning.
B. Sound system debugging
The debugging of the audio system is the key to the engineering debugging. The audio system involves the most equipment, the most debugging parts, and the most problems that may be encountered, so we must first concentrate on completing it. Need to prepare instruments and tools: phase meter, noise generator, spectrum analyzer (including sound level meter), multimeter, etc.
Debugging steps: Turn on separately, and check the signal transmission gradually from the sound source. This check is very meaningful, because only when the signal is transmitted well in each device, the amplifier and the speaker will get a normal and properly processed signal. There may be a good sound reinforcement quality, so when doing this step, you must be patient and must be careful. During this step, the speaker and the amplifier should not be connected in a hurry, and the peripheral processing equipment should also be placed in bypass status. Follow the direction of the signal during the inspection, and follow the direction of the signal during the step-by-step inspection, and gradually check its level setting, gain, phase and smoothness to ensure that each device can get the best signal provided by the pre-stage equipment. It can provide the best signal for the lower level. While checking the signal, it should also gradually check its level setting, gain, phase and smoothness, to ensure that each device can get the best signal provided by the previous level device, and also for the lower level. Provide the best signal. While checking the signal, you should also observe whether the equipment is working properly and stable one by one. The significance of this work is that a single device is malfunctioning or unstable at this time, and it is more convenient to handle. It will endanger the safety of other equipment, so this inspection should not be taken to the next step.
After the above is correct, the speaker and the power amplifier are connected to the system one by one. At a lower volume, use the phase meter to first check whether the phases of all the stand boxes are consistent, prepare for the following debugging, connect the noise generator and the equalizer Access the system, prepare the spectrum analyzer, start the equalizer at a moderate volume, and prepare the spectrum analyzer, start the equalizer at a moderate volume and debug the equalizer. The test points of the spectrum analyzer should be selected according to relevant standards. The principle of debugging the equalizer is: make the spectrum analyzer in the audio range of 20Hz ~ 20kHz, and the frequency response curve of the displayed hall is basically flat at each test point. Note: When testing each point, keep the volume consistent, and then Record the position of the potentiometers of each frequency point after debugging; also keep the same volume at a lower volume and a larger volume, and then record the position of the potentiometers of each frequency point of the equalizer after debugging; also at a lower volume Debug again with a larger volume, then record the debugging results of the equalizer, and finally analyze the data of several debugging results to find Find a compromise position for each frequency point of the equalization volume at various volumes, and then test it, and draw down the frequency response curve of the hall. The final frequency point position of the equalizer should also be recorded. Note: In the equalizer debugging In the middle, the frequency compensation of the mixer must be set to 0, and other peripheral equipment should be in the bypass state.
In addition, it should be noted that in the usual audio engineering, considering that the decoration materials of the hall absorb weak high-frequency signals, signals above 10 kHz can be appropriately attenuated slightly. After the above steps are completed, the electronic crossover should be debugged.
The debugging of the frequency divider can be divided into high, middle and low frequency separately, and the purpose of the frequency divider in the system is different. There are also differences in debugging methods. If the crossover is only used for the subwoofer frequency division, as long as the above equalizer debugging is completed, let the subwoofer work alone and set the crossover frequency of the crossover to 150 ~ Between 300Hz, adjust the gain of the bass signal properly, feel the bass volume is appropriate, and then try listening with the full-frequency system, and then stabilize the bass and full-frequency volume; if the frequency divider is used in the full-frequency system, it requires accurate Set the high, middle and low frequency crossover points according to the parameters provided by the speaker manufacturer, and then repeatedly adjust the signal gain of each frequency band until the listening sense of each frequency band is more balanced, then refer to the next step of the spectrum analyzer in each test Click the sound pressure of the test for further fine-tuning.
After the equalizer and electronic crossover have been basically debugged, the sound pressure level of the hall should be measured. The test points are still some of the original selections. The noise source should be a pink noise meter. Except for the full frequency band during the test, Try to select several frequency points in the three frequency bands of high, middle and low respectively. The goal of the test is to adjust the sound pressure of the sound reinforcement of the system at each point under the premise of ensuring the best dynamics of the signal. The sound pressure level, at the same time, refer to the conditions of the high, middle and low frequency points, and then adjust the equalizer and the electronic crossover slightly. If the results of the sound pressure level at each test point have a large deviation, that is, the uniformity of the sound field If it is not good, it should be carefully analyzed and correspondingly improved. First, we must start with the construction process of building decoration. If there are major defects in this area, which affects the quality of the sound field, then we should propose feasible rectification measures: if There are no obvious defects in the decoration, or there are certain deficiencies, but when it is impossible to improve, it should be analyzed in terms of the positioning, pointing and installation form of the speaker. Content includes: the speaker and the distance of four buildings, the mounting positions between the speakers, the frequency characteristic and directivity of the speakers and the like, the following according to the actual placement of speakers common engineering, installation thereof illustrated for a comparison.
The following is the debugging of the microphone and the effect device. For the debugging of the microphone, it can be classified. As long as there is no audible line noise, the sound quality of the wired microphone for the human voice is normal, and the sound feedback in its effective range of motion can be performed using a spectrum analyzer Frequency monitoring, and make a record of the corresponding frequency and position; wired microphones for musical instruments must be debugged with the East team, and records of the models and pickup distances of the microphones used by each musical instrument; wireless microphones must be debugged with the band, And make a record of the model and pickup distance of the microphone used by each instrument; debugging of the wireless microphone should pay attention to: the position of the antenna is reasonable, the position of the dead spot is used for the tube (make a record), and the signal level gain of the receiver should be appropriate However, the best position for fine adjustment of noise reduction should be searched repeatedly, etc. For the debugging of the effect device, the principle is to ensure that the input signal gain can make the effect device get a better dynamic sound signal in the period, and leave a certain margin, The effect mixed signal output should be set according to requirements. As for the specific effect selection and parameter setting of the effect, some rough experiments should be made, and then selected according to the requirements of the program, but it should be noted that the reverberation time and delay of the effect should not exceed the set value A certain range, so as not to affect the clarity of the language and the continuity of the signal, the debugging of the microphone and the effect device should also include the debugging of the listening system. The principle is: make the frequency response characteristics of the listening system consistent with the main sound reinforcement system , The sound pressure level actors (including bands) can clearly hear their respective voices, which should not be too large, can not bring additional acoustic feedback.
The debugging of the compressor should be carried out after the above equipment of the system is basically adjusted. Generally, in the project, the role of the compressor is to protect the power amplifier and the speaker, as well as to make the sound box and the change of the sound stable, so in When debugging, first set the compression start level, usually do not set it too low, of course, too high will reduce the protection effect, the specific setting should depend on the adjustment range and signal conditions of various compressors, the second Set the compression start and recovery time, usually the start time should not be too long, so as to prevent the protection action from being timely, and the recovery time should not be too short, so as to avoid damage to the sound effect; then it is necessary to set the compression ratio, which is set in the general project4 ： About 1, the setting of the noise gate in the compressor should pay attention: if the system does not have a large noise gate closed; if there is a certain amount of noise, the threshold level of the noise gate can be set to a lower place to avoid expansion. The sound signal is intermittent. If the noise of the system is large, it should be analyzed from the perspective of construction technology. It cannot be solved by the noise gate alone. Other settings can be based on Plane with a given requirement. The debugging of other equipment will not be introduced in detail. In general, the principle of debugging must be carefully read the product description, and fine-tuned gradually and carefully, and the audio processing is selectively used without destroying the basic sound field conditions. Equipment to meet the design requirements.
C. Commissioning of the lighting system
D. For the complicated traditional stage lighting system, because it involves the lighting of characters and stage settings and different lighting shapes, the debugging in this area includes the hue, color, color temperature, brightness, projection range, scene and sequence of the dimmer Program editing and other aspects are not easy to debug in general practical projects. Like the audio system, it also needs a lot of serious debugging to complete. Or as mentioned before, for traditional and complex lighting systems Design and construction and commissioning are best carried out with the help of professional design institutes and professional performance units. In general audio engineering lighting system commissioning, since the requirements for performance are not strict for professional performance venues, the technical indicators involved in commissioning are not Many, relatively speaking, the debugging of the lighting system is not too complicated, but there are also few technical requirements higher than the traditional stage lighting technical indicators, relatively speaking, the debugging of the lighting system is not too complicated, but some of the technical requirements are higher than the traditional stage Lighting technology, that is: involved in practical sound engineering Many computer lights, so engineers should seriously study in this regard.
First of all, the individual transportation status of each device should be carefully checked, because the control system and mechanical components inside the computer lights are more precise, the power consumption of the lights is large, and the protection measures are relatively complete, so if the internal control is caused by transportation or installation If the component or bulb is damaged, the scanner will not work normally, and it is more troublesome to check the faulty cause of this malfunctioning scanner in a complex lighting system, so try to check each one separately before the system is connected or installed The condition of the equipment can do the purpose of checking both the lamps and the console.
Secondly, it is necessary to correctly set the lamps.
It can be said that all scanners must work properly under the correct settings, so if the unit and system are in a normal and orderly state, the correct settings are very important. The settings include: the control form of the lamp, the power supply The way of supply, the range of motion, the address of the lamp in the system, and the processing of the control line terminal. Among them, the position of the lamp in the system is often wrong in the project. Its setting is based on the selection of the address code , That is, the DIP switch on the lamp must be strictly in accordance with the table provided in the product manual, and cannot be rash. The second is the setting of lighting control equipment.
The most important feature of scanners is that they need to be set accordingly to control the operation. If the console is not properly selected, the settings are unreasonable or there is a malfunction, the scanners will not work properly or even work, especially complicated The control equipment of the lighting system plays an important role in the normal operation of the light. Therefore, the equipment must be set. The contents of the setting include: control form, output mode of the control signal, type and number of lamps, and control program software. Content and other aspects.
Finally, it needs to be explained: after the above steps are completed, it is necessary to check whether the movement of the controller and the movement of the scanner are consistent. The self-test of the lamp is normal, etc. In addition: pay attention to whether the lighting system and the sound system interfere with each other If there is, record the dry time and the model of the specific equipment, in order to facilitate future solutions.
D video system debugging In general audio engineering, the number and complexity of video equipment are not too large, so debugging is relatively simple.
The display device must be set up first.
Because of the limitation of the installation environment, it is usually difficult to accurately install according to the product's distance requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust and set the display device during project commissioning. Doing so can also make the debugging of the camera and editing equipment an accurate. For reference, in general engineering, the adjustment of the display device is mainly the adjustment of the projector. The high-speed aspects include: the high speed of image distortion, etc. For the multimedia display, the adjustment of the line frequency and the field frequency and the field frequency is also required. Special attention should be paid: when adjusting the image distortion, if the environmental conditions are not available, make full use of the projector's "oblique projection" function to make up, for example: RCF 4001 projector has the functions shown in the following figure : Secondly, the commissioning of camera, editing and distribution equipment.
Because the imaging quality of the camera device will be significantly different under different working conditions and working environments, the camera equipment should be adjusted uniformly after the project is completed. The adjustment must refer to the same display device and different light in the same scene. The adjustment content includes: the range of motion and control of the gimbal, the focus of the lens, the adjustment of white balance, the adjustment of sensitivity, the adjustment of the output system, etc. The debugging of the editing and distribution equipment mainly includes adjusting the signal input and output Format, select character format, etc.
E. Overall commissioning When the commissioning of each system has been completed separately, and the equipment is in good condition, and there is no obvious commissioning, it is necessary to start a comprehensive commissioning of the entire system. Unlike the individual systems of each equipment, the overall test is different. There is no specific specific adjustment part for debugging. Its main task is to check whether the interrelated work parts are coordinated during the coordinated operation of each system, and whether they will produce mutual influence and interference when working together, for example: check the video switching Whether it will bring noise to the sound system, check the sound system's ability to control sound-controlled lights, check whether the dimming action in the light system will interfere with the sound system, etc.
F. System simulation operation After the commissioning of the system is completed, the process that must be carried out before the official operation is the simulation operation of the system. No matter what size of the audio system, the number of equipment is relatively large, and the working status is also different, plus the equipment in the system The quality and stability of the work are inevitable. In short-term project commissioning, it is difficult to find the hidden dangers or deficiencies, but once the project is completed, the actual system running time will be much longer, often over time, over time The phenomenon of load operation, the hidden dangers and shortcomings that existed in the system at that time and were not discovered, may quickly expand and bring adverse effects to users and engineering. Simulation operation is to understand in an environment similar to actual operation. The working status of the system, discovering problems and preventing them from happening.
First of all, the current of each phase of the power supply line must be measured when each system is operated individually and in total operation.
Although the design and construction of the power supply line has made corresponding requirements, and the current distribution of each phase has been roughly understood, but the actual operation and the theoretical value will definitely be different, in order to be sure, foolproof, must To measure the current during actual operation, you can generally use a clamp meter to measure the time of each phase and the number of sub-operation equipment separately. If you find that the actual measured value is significantly different from the theoretical value, or the current distribution ratio of each phase is different If the current is large or the line current is abnormal, rectification must be carried out again to ensure the safety of electricity use.
Second, we must check the working stability of each equipment in full load operation and long time operation.
A major difference between professional audio systems and non-professional audio systems is that they exhibit completely different working stability under full load and long-term operating conditions. Working stability has also become an important performance indicator for professional audio lighting equipment. But even if it is the same professional equipment, the working stability of each other is quite different. Some equipment can still work normally in a very harsh environment, and some equipment are worrying when working for a long time. These inspections include: changes in sound quality, changes in lighting control performance, stability of wireless microphone frequency points and acceptance when the battery is insufficient, noise generated by various devices during long hours of operation, and so on. However, it should be noted that the stable operation of the inspection is to ensure that the equipment is in a reasonable environment. The equipment cannot be intentionally made to work in a bad environment or the equipment is in an abnormal working state. Damage is not guaranteed.
Finally, check the heat generation of each device when it is running at full load and for a long time. The sound system equipment is basically power-consuming equipment, there will be different levels of heat during operation, especially high-power equipment such as power amplifiers, lights, cameras, etc., usually the heat is more obvious, so to a certain extent The heat phenomenon on the system will not have any impact on the use of equipment and the safety of the system and equipment. However, if the proper heat dissipation space is not reserved during installation, or the heat dissipation of the equipment itself is not good during long-term and heavy-load operation, it should be solved, otherwise the equipment will be protected in the lightest, and the equipment will be damaged in the worst case. In general, if the device generates severe heat within the normal operating range, the device must be replaced. If there is no suitable heat dissipation space and the device generates a large amount of heat, forced ventilation should be considered and the user should be clearly informed; regular dust cleaning and equipment maintenance .
In addition, it is necessary to add: generally in the simulation operation, the system will be tested under different loads and at different times to further check the safety and stability of the system.
In short, the simulation operation of the system is very important and necessary work. At this time, each work will be exchanged for the long-term stability of the equipment and the safety of the system. Especially the heat generation of power supply lines and equipment will directly affect the safety of the project, so it should be highly valued by all engineering and technical personnel.
G. Recording of debugging results and problems Because there are many items to be debugged, set, and checked in the audio project, and these results and problems are important reference materials for future use and maintenance, it is necessary to record the results and problems during each step of the work Come down, and then make the necessary analysis and summary. The recorded data useful to users should be handed over to them; the recorded data useful for future maintenance should be properly kept by the designer. The recorded results include: device location number, device setting status, test data during commissioning, information about related program editing, etc .; recorded problems include: device working environment problems, device interference problems, device operating conditions Problems, problems that have nothing to do with the sound but affect the operation of the system, etc.
4. Difficult problems in the project As a complex multi-technical engineering sound project, various problems may occur in the process. In addition, the types and number of equipment of the audio lighting system are large, and the technical requirements of the system are also very different, so each The occurrence of this kind of problem is inevitable, and often encounter some difficult problems.
According to the characteristics of audio engineering, the design of the project plays a major role in the quality and progress of the project, so as long as the construction is carefully carried out in accordance with the design and related specifications, generally no difficult problems will be encountered during the construction process, or these Difficult problems will not be reflected in the construction. In most cases, the difficult problems of the project occur in the debugging stage, and even show up after a period of use. Since it is a difficult problem, it is very difficult to solve it. It is often a painstaking inspection for a long time, and it still exists. At some point, the problem disappears for some reason, and then somehow it happens again, which makes people very headache. Presumably everyone who works in sound engineering technology will have different levels of experience. However, although these difficult problems are expressed in various forms, as long as there are no errors in the design, it can be said that there is only one root cause; that is, it is caused by omissions in the construction link. Therefore, even difficult problems can still be solved. The following are some of the typical difficult problems.
(1) The casing of the equipment is charged. Because all equipment in the audio engineering must use electricity, you may first encounter the problem of electrification of some equipment casings during commissioning. Although the charging of the casing may not affect the use of the equipment, it will endanger the user The safety must be completely solved.
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