As a wireless communication method, short-range data transmission plays a vital role in applications such as remote control, alarms, and telemetry. Implementing RF transceivers is one of the most effective approaches to enable near-distance information exchange. This article presents a design that utilizes Infineon's TDA5255 RF transceiver combined with an XC866 microcontroller to develop a functional RF communication system for transmitting and receiving data.
2. TDA5255 RF Transceiver
2.1 Key Features
The TDA5255 is a low-power, single-chip FSK/ASK transceiver designed for half-duplex communication at frequencies between 433 MHz and 435 MHz. It offers high integration, simplified peripheral circuits, and a wide range of internal components including a power amplifier, low-noise amplifier, AGC circuit, double-balanced mixer, synthesizer, VCO, PLL, and more. With a supply voltage ranging from 2.1 V to 5 V, it supports both FSK and ASK modulation, I2C or 3-wire interface, and features low current consumption (9 mA in receive mode and 12 mA in transmit mode). Its receiver sensitivity reaches -109 dBm, while the transmit power is up to +13 dBm, with a maximum data rate of 100 kb/s. It is ideal for use in low-data-rate systems like remote controls, home automation, and wireless access networks.
2.2 Operating Mode Configuration
The TDA5255 operates in various modes such as transmit/receive, ASK/FSK modulation, and high/low power transmission. These modes can be controlled via specific pins like Rx/Tx, ASK/FSK, and PWD/DD. Additionally, the device allows selection between I2C and 3-wire bus protocols using the BUSMODE pin. Internal configuration of the TDA5255 is done through its internal registers, where setting bit D12 in the CONFIG register determines whether the operating mode is externally or internally controlled.
Other parameters, such as clock frequency, FSK frequency deviation, and RSSI threshold, can also be adjusted by modifying the internal registers. This flexibility makes the TDA5255 highly adaptable to different application requirements.
2.3 Hardware Circuit Design
The microcontroller communicates with the TDA5255 through seven connections: power, ground, BUSCLK, BUSDATA, Rx/Tx, DATA, and PWD/DD. When BUSMODE is set to 0, the device uses the I2C protocol, allowing the microcontroller to configure the TDA5255’s settings. In transmit mode, the RF signal is sent through a matching network consisting of capacitors C6, C8, C9, inductor L1, and capacitor C11. In receive mode, the RF signal is processed through the low-noise amplifier and then demodulated. The PWD/DD pin controls the power level, and the DATA pin outputs received data, which can be filtered to remove noise by adjusting the RSSI threshold.
3. Microcontroller and Software Design
3.1 Overview of the XC866 Microcontroller
The XC866 is an 8-bit microcontroller based on the XC800 core, compatible with the standard 8051 architecture. It includes an integrated oscillator and voltage regulator, allowing operation on a single 3.3 V or 5 V supply. The microcontroller features a synchronous serial channel (SSC) that supports full- and half-duplex communication, making it suitable for interfacing with the TDA5255. It also provides serial communication capabilities via MAX3232, connecting to PC via P1.0 and P1.1.
3.2 Software Implementation
The software flowchart outlines the process of sending and receiving data. Data is transmitted in a sequence: first a '0', followed by a '1', and then the actual information bit. After the rising edge, a delay of 1.5 basic time units ensures accurate signal detection. A basic time unit of 100 μs results in a transmission rate of 3.3 kb/s, though the TDA5255 can support up to 100 kb/s. This setup enables reliable and efficient communication between devices.
4. Conclusion
The developed RF transceiver successfully enables short-range data transmission, allowing users to send and receive information via a PC connection. It is applied in electric trolley controllers, delivering stable performance and offering potential for reuse in other close-range remote control applications. The system demonstrates the effectiveness of combining the TDA5255 with the XC866 microcontroller for practical wireless communication solutions.
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