Estimating the air conditioning specifications for an outdoor LED display requires a careful calculation of the internal heat dissipation and understanding the cooling capacity needed. The cooling capacity of an air conditioner refers to the amount of heat it can remove from the internal space of the LED screen within a given time. Accurate estimation ensures that the system can effectively manage the thermal load.
In the industry, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of LED tubes is typically around 20%-30%, meaning that approximately 70% of the total power consumption is converted into heat. Of this, about 20% is dissipated through the outer surface, leaving roughly 50% of the total power as internal heat. This figure depends on the average power consumption, which varies based on the brightness of the displayed content (e.g., white vs. dark screens).
For example, if an outdoor LED display has an average power consumption of 450W per square meter and covers an area of 50 square meters, the total average power would be 22.5 kW. Based on a 50% thermal conversion rate, the internal heat generated would be approximately 11 kW (not including heat from sunlight).
However, this value alone isn’t enough to determine the right air conditioning system. Outdoor LED displays have a much smaller internal volume compared to typical indoor spaces. Their internal width is usually between 0.8-1 meter, and their height is about one-third of a standard room (around 2.8-3 meters). This means the internal space is only about one-third the size of a regular room.
Based on real-life experience, the cooling capacity required for an outdoor LED display is significantly higher than in a standard room. A 1P air conditioner, which typically provides 7500W of cooling in a normal room, can be considered equivalent to 22,500W in the confined space of an outdoor LED screen. Similarly, a 1.5P unit would provide the equivalent of 22,500W in such a space.
Therefore, if the internal heat load is 11 kW, two 1P air conditioners (equivalent to 15,000W) would be more effective than a single 2P unit. Two units help ensure even distribution of cold air throughout the space. In practice, the actual cooling capacity of the air conditioner should be 40-50% higher than the internal heat load to account for additional heat from direct sunlight, which varies depending on the region.
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