Distributed maximum power point tracking system can improve photovoltaic system efficiency - News - Global IC Trade Starts Here 工业

The following is a rewritten and improved version of the original content in English, with added details to reach over 500 characters and presented as if written by a human: --- According to current PV system pricing models, most users can expect a return on investment within 7 to 8 years. With government incentives and the need for systems to last at least 20 years, it's crucial that solar PV systems are efficient, reliable, and easy to maintain. This ensures maximum energy output over time. Today, many solar PV users have come to understand that even partial or intermittent shading can significantly impact the performance of their systems. When parts of the array are shaded—by trees, chimneys, or other structures—it can lead to "mismatch" issues, which reduce overall efficiency. Partial shading causes uneven current flow and voltage distribution across the panels, leading to a sharp drop in power generation. Calculating the exact impact of such mismatches is not straightforward due to multiple factors involved, including the arrangement of battery modules, panel orientation, and inverter configuration. Each photovoltaic module is made up of several interconnected battery strings, known as "strings." These strings are protected by bypass diodes, which prevent overheating when part of the string is shaded. The way these strings are connected in series or parallel determines the overall voltage and current output of the panel. When a portion of the PV array is shaded, the unshaded cells continue to produce current, which flows through the bypass diode of the shaded section. This creates a complex electrical curve with multiple peaks, making it difficult for traditional centralized MPPT systems to track the true maximum power point. In a standard grid-connected system with centralized MPPT, if two panels in one group are shaded, the system may only optimize the power from the unshaded group. However, this leads to inefficiencies, as the shaded group cannot contribute fully. The result is a loss in total energy production. To address these issues, distributed MPPT solutions have been developed. These allow each panel to operate independently, reducing the negative effects of shading. One such technology is SolarMagic™ from National Semiconductor, which enables each panel to maximize its own output, even if others are underperforming. By using advanced algorithms and mixed-signal technology, SolarMagic can compensate for up to 50% of power loss caused by mismatched conditions. This solution is easy to integrate into existing systems and offers a practical way to improve long-term energy yield and system reliability.

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