Electrical workers must be well-versed in the performance and proper use of electrical safety equipment. Always wear insulated shoes and use tools with insulated handles during live or power-off maintenance. When working at heights, make sure to use an electric safety belt. It's important to wear goggles when cutting cables, opening running electrical boxes, pouring cable compounds, or injecting electrolyte into batteries.
When working on any electrical equipment that has been de-energized or partially powered down, the following safety measures should be strictly followed:
- Power Disconnection: Disconnect the equipment from the power source reliably. Ensure that at least one switch with a clear break point is opened. Before disconnecting, stop the load first, then open the circuit breaker, and finally the isolating switch. Never operate the isolating switch under load.
- Power Verification: Perform phase-by-phase checks. When inspecting switches or knife switches in the off position, check both sides of the phase. If the power line is cut, ensure it is fully discharged before inspection. Wear insulated gloves when handling high voltage lines.
- Grounding Wire Installation: Install grounding wires on all sides where power could be reconnected. The grounding wire should be placed where it’s visible from the work area. If the maintenance section is divided into separate parts, each part must be tested and grounded individually. On indoor distribution panels, install grounding wires where there is no phase paint. No switches or fuses should be between the grounding wire and the equipment. Ground the wire first, then connect the conductor end. Use insulated gloves and secure the wire with a special clamp. Never ground by winding. Use multi-strand soft copper wire with a minimum cross-section of 25mm².
- Signs and Barriers: Hang warning signs to alert personnel and prevent accidental operations. Place "Do Not Close, Work In Progress" signs on the operating handles of switches and knife switches that can be closed to energize the work area.
Live electrical work must be carried out by at least two people, with one acting as a supervisor. All staff must follow the supervisor’s instructions carefully.
Never install bare wires on construction sites. Overhead line terminal and corner poles should be repeatedly grounded. Ensure the lines are neatly arranged and not bundled together.
Avoid using bare wires for tying insulated wires. Do not tie wires to metal bars or scaffolding.
Use sheathed cables for lighting and electrical equipment. Avoid using damaged or substandard wires such as flower wires or plastic cords.
Fixed equipment distribution lines must not be laid along the ground. They should be buried in conduits with sealed joints and no connections inside the pipes.
On-site distribution boxes and switch boxes must be installed according to regulations to ensure the “one machine, one switch†system is maintained.
The voltage for street lighting and local lighting must not exceed 36V.
High-rise structures on site must be equipped with lightning protection devices as required.
Welding machines should have independent switches, and the casing should be connected to zero or ground. The primary cable should be less than 5 meters, and the secondary cable less than 30 meters. Both ends of the wiring should be securely crimped, and a protective cover must be installed. The welding cable should be used as a double line, and metal pipes, scaffolding, rails, or steel structures should never be used as grounding paths.
All mobile devices and handheld tools must be equipped with leakage protection devices.
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